Abstract: Objective To identify the risk factors of drug-resistant tuberculosis.Methods Five variables, including sex, age, category, location and health V project, were extracted to perform the one-way analysis based on the data of the random survey for the epidemiology of tuberculosis in 2000.Results The risk factor analysis of drug-resistant tuberculosis revealed that the categorization of cases for initial treatment was a protective factor（OR=0.337，95%CI:0.222-0.512）.For secondary drug-resistance, the 45 to 59-year-old age group was a protective factor（OR=0.385，95%CI:0.201-0.738）.Conclusion The combined effect of multiple factors, contributing to the occurrence of drug-resistant tuberculosis, either primary or secondary drug resistance, should be taken into account to establish comprehensive control and prevention strategies to curb the incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis.